rook and pawn versus rook endgame - ?
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[2014.09.06]

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Rook and pawn versus rook endgame
Význam
Koncovky s věžemi a pěšci jsou nejběžnějším typem, který se vyskytuje ve hrách a vyskytuje se asi u 8 až 10 procent všech her.
Endings with rooks and pawns are the most common type to occur in games, occurring in about 8 to 10 percent of all games (de la Villa 2008:18), (Emms 2008:6). A majority of rook and pawn endings with more pawns have the potential of being reduced to this type of endgame (rook and one pawn versus rook) (Guliev 2003:87), (Levenfish & Smyslov 1971:15). John Nunn wrote a 352-page book about this ending, Secrets of Rook Endings (Nunn 2007:126). Volume 2 of the Encyclopedia of Chess Endings devotes 92 pages to the analysis of 428 positions of this type (Matanovi� 1985:14–105). André Chéron wrote over 150 pages analyzing 120 positions of this endgame in his famous book Lehr- und Handbuch der Endspiele (Nunn 1999:6), (Minev 2004:58). In 100 Endgames You Must Know by Jesús de la Villa, 17 are of this type (de la Villa 2008:6–7).[1] John Nunn covers 100 topics in Understanding Chess Endgames – eight are about this type of endgame (Nunn 2009:106).
Pawn on the sixth or seventh rank[edit] In his 1958 book Chess Endgames, Nikolay Kopaev gave these general guidelines for when the pawn is on the sixth or seventh rank: When the black king is cut off two or more files from the pawn, White always wins. If the black king is on the long side of the pawn and his rook is on the short side, White wins with very few exceptions. If the pawn is on the seventh rank, the only defense involves checks from the side. If the pawn is on the sixth rank, a defense of checks from the rear is possible. The defense of checking from the side normally requires three empty files between the pawn and the black rook. Sometimes it is possible with only two files when the pawn is on the seventh rank. In order for a defense of checking from behind to be successful, the white king must be behind the pawn, not in front of it. There are tactical possibilities: (1) deflecting the black rook, and (2) creating a shelter for the white king (Minev 2004:72).

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